Add typed artifact codec foundation

docs/internal/overview.md

@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ a sorted set of artifact lanes before the runner constructs any stage module.
 
 | Package | Implemented responsibility |
 | --- | --- |
-| `internal/framework/contracts` | Stage, validator, reference, output, and structured-completion interfaces and data types. |
+| `internal/framework/contracts` | Source-stage contracts plus artifact identity, schema, serialized representation, codec, validator, reference, output, and structured-completion interfaces and data types. |
-| `internal/framework/pipeline` | Registries, profile resolution, capability checks, reference materialization, validator-chain resolution, retries, orchestration, warnings, and manifest population. |
+| `internal/framework/pipeline` | Module and artifact-codec registries, profile resolution, capability checks, reference materialization, validator-chain resolution, retries, orchestration, warnings, and manifest population. |
 | `internal/framework/validate` | Shared validator decision and cardinality helpers. |
 | `internal/framework/llm` | Scriptorium-backed structured completions, prompt/schema registration, scheduling, profile recording, and secret redaction. |
 | `internal/framework/promptfs` | Builds module prompt filesystems from module-owned and caller-provided shared prompt assets. |
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ Framework contracts carry raw stage results between implementations. The
 runner owns handoff provenance, validation sequencing, rejection handling,
 checkpoint and debug boundaries, and final manifest assembly.
 
+The artifact codec registry is an implemented foundation for heterogeneous
+typed artifacts. It validates codec metadata and schema identity and keeps
+exact Go-type checks behind framework-owned erased operations. Production
+module families do not register codecs yet, so pipeline resolution and
+execution continue to use the existing raw artifact contracts.
+
 ## Production Extensions
 
 The canonical catalogs of user-selectable

docs/internal/pipeline.md

@@ -53,7 +53,15 @@ runtime sensitive-data handling belongs in [Operations](../operations.md).
 `pipeline.Registries` holds constructors used during execution.
 `pipeline.ModuleCatalog` exposes their specs during configuration validation and
 resolution. Separate registries exist for every stage and for validators;
-`ValidatorChainRegistry` stores production default-chain mappings.
+`ValidatorChainRegistry` stores production default-chain mappings. Both
+containers also carry an `ArtifactCodecRegistry`. Generic registration records
+one codec per stable artifact kind, validates its schema metadata and JSON
+Schema, retains the exact schema digest and Go type, and safely encodes or
+decodes framework-erased values with typed errors on incompatibility.
+
+Production composition initializes the artifact codec registry without adding
+codec entries. The resolver and runner do not consult it yet, and production
+lanes remain on the raw artifact path.
 
 A `ModuleSpec` declares its stage plus required and provided capabilities.
 Chunk, extract, merge, and normalize specs may also declare reference slots.
@@ -183,6 +191,8 @@ durable manifest and logical file schemas are defined in the
 - `internal/core/config/effective_config_test.go`: config-to-resolution boundary.
 - `internal/framework/pipeline/profile_test.go`: selection, defaults,
   capabilities, validator chains, and digest behavior.
+- `internal/framework/pipeline/artifact_codec_registry_test.go`: typed codec
+  metadata, registration, erasure safety, strict decoding, and cloning.
 - `internal/framework/pipeline/references_test.go`: target resolution and
   materialization.
 - `internal/framework/pipeline/runner_test.go`: stage transitions, retries,

internal/cli/catalog.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ func newProductionComponents() (productionComponents, error) {
 	registries := pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:          pipeline.NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        pipeline.NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      pipeline.NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         pipeline.NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     pipeline.NewNormalizerRegistry(),
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ func catalogFromRegistries(registries pipeline.Registries) pipeline.ModuleCatalo
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          registries.Inputs,
 		Chunkers:        registries.Chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  registries.ArtifactCodecs,
 		Extractors:      registries.Extractors,
 		Mergers:         registries.Mergers,
 		Normalizers:     registries.Normalizers,
@@ -102,6 +104,7 @@ func registriesFromCatalog(catalog pipeline.ModuleCatalog) pipeline.Registries {
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:          catalog.Inputs,
 		Chunkers:        catalog.Chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  catalog.ArtifactCodecs,
 		Extractors:      catalog.Extractors,
 		Mergers:         catalog.Mergers,
 		Normalizers:     catalog.Normalizers,
@@ -114,6 +117,7 @@ func registriesFromCatalog(catalog pipeline.ModuleCatalog) pipeline.Registries {
 func isEmptyCatalog(catalog pipeline.ModuleCatalog) bool {
 	return catalog.Inputs == nil &&
 		catalog.Chunkers == nil &&
+		catalog.ArtifactCodecs == nil &&
 		catalog.Extractors == nil &&
 		catalog.Mergers == nil &&
 		catalog.Normalizers == nil &&
@@ -125,6 +129,7 @@ func isEmptyCatalog(catalog pipeline.ModuleCatalog) bool {
 func isEmptyRegistries(registries pipeline.Registries) bool {
 	return registries.Inputs == nil &&
 		registries.Chunkers == nil &&
+		registries.ArtifactCodecs == nil &&
 		registries.Extractors == nil &&
 		registries.Mergers == nil &&
 		registries.Normalizers == nil &&

internal/cli/run_test.go

@@ -135,6 +135,12 @@ func TestProductionCatalogIncludesProductionModulesValidatorsAndDefaults(t *test
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("productionCatalog() error = %v, want nil", err)
 	}
+	if catalog.ArtifactCodecs == nil {
+		t.Fatal("production artifact codec registry = nil, want initialized empty registry")
+	}
+	if got := catalog.ArtifactCodecs.RegisteredKinds(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("production artifact codec kinds = %#v, want legacy raw production path", got)
+	}
 
 	moduleTests := []struct {
 		name string
@@ -227,6 +233,23 @@ func TestProductionCatalogIncludesProductionModulesValidatorsAndDefaults(t *test
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCatalogConversionsPreserveArtifactCodecRegistry(t *testing.T) {
+	codecs := pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	registries := pipeline.Registries{ArtifactCodecs: codecs}
+	if isEmptyRegistries(registries) {
+		t.Fatal("registries with artifact codecs reported empty")
+	}
+
+	catalog := catalogFromRegistries(registries)
+	if catalog.ArtifactCodecs != codecs || isEmptyCatalog(catalog) {
+		t.Fatalf("catalog artifact codecs = %p empty=%t, want %p and non-empty", catalog.ArtifactCodecs, isEmptyCatalog(catalog), codecs)
+	}
+	converted := registriesFromCatalog(catalog)
+	if converted.ArtifactCodecs != codecs {
+		t.Fatalf("converted artifact codecs = %p, want %p", converted.ArtifactCodecs, codecs)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestProductionPromptAssetsRegisterAndPrepareDndPrompts(t *testing.T) {
 	registry, err := productionPromptAssets()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -3574,6 +3597,7 @@ func fakeExecutionRegistries(t *testing.T) pipeline.Registries {
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:         inputs,
 		Chunkers:       chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs: pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:     extractors,
 		Mergers:        mergers,
 		Normalizers:    normalizers,
@@ -3953,6 +3977,7 @@ func fakeCatalog(t *testing.T, overrides ...pipeline.ModuleSpec) pipeline.Module
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          inputs,
 		Chunkers:        chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      extractors,
 		Mergers:         mergers,
 		Normalizers:     normalizers,

internal/core/config/validation_test.go

@@ -518,6 +518,7 @@ func fakeCatalog(t *testing.T, overrides ...pipeline.ModuleSpec) pipeline.Module
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          inputs,
 		Chunkers:        chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      extractors,
 		Mergers:         mergers,
 		Normalizers:     normalizers,

internal/framework/contracts/artifact.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package contracts
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+)
+
+// ArtifactKind is the stable logical identity of a domain artifact.
+type ArtifactKind string
+
+// ArtifactSchema describes the durable representation owned by an artifact
+// codec. JSONSchema is cloned whenever framework ownership changes.
+type ArtifactSchema struct {
+	ID         string `json:"id"`
+	Name       string `json:"name"`
+	Version    string `json:"version"`
+	JSONSchema []byte `json:"-"`
+}
+
+// SerializedArtifact is the domain-neutral representation of a typed
+// artifact at an explicit serialization boundary.
+type SerializedArtifact struct {
+	Kind      ArtifactKind   `json:"kind"`
+	Schema    ArtifactSchema `json:"schema"`
+	MediaType string         `json:"media_type"`
+	Content   []byte         `json:"-"`
+	Metadata  map[string]any `json:"metadata,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ArtifactCodec owns the stable encoding for one concrete artifact type.
+type ArtifactCodec[T any] interface {
+	Kind() ArtifactKind
+	Schema() ArtifactSchema
+	MediaType() string
+	Encode(T) ([]byte, error)
+	Decode([]byte) (T, error)
+}
+
+// DigestArtifactSchema returns the SHA-256 digest of the exact JSON Schema
+// bytes. Schema formatting is therefore part of the registered identity.
+func DigestArtifactSchema(schema ArtifactSchema) string {
+	sum := sha256.Sum256(schema.JSONSchema)
+	return "sha256:" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+}
+
+func CloneArtifactSchema(schema ArtifactSchema) ArtifactSchema {
+	schema.JSONSchema = append([]byte(nil), schema.JSONSchema...)
+	return schema
+}
+
+func CloneSerializedArtifact(artifact SerializedArtifact) SerializedArtifact {
+	artifact.Schema = CloneArtifactSchema(artifact.Schema)
+	artifact.Content = append([]byte(nil), artifact.Content...)
+	artifact.Metadata = cloneArtifactMetadata(artifact.Metadata)
+	return artifact
+}
+
+func cloneArtifactMetadata(metadata map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	if len(metadata) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make(map[string]any, len(metadata))
+	for key, value := range metadata {
+		out[key] = value
+	}
+	return out
+}

internal/framework/contracts/artifact_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package contracts
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestDigestArtifactSchemaUsesExactBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	first := ArtifactSchema{JSONSchema: []byte(`{"type":"object"}`)}
+	second := ArtifactSchema{JSONSchema: []byte("{\n  \"type\": \"object\"\n}")}
+
+	if got := DigestArtifactSchema(first); got != "sha256:a2c799262a3ce3c19ef5cdd983bf3d12b43ab3c426227091b909dcb7054738c0" {
+		t.Fatalf("DigestArtifactSchema() = %q, want stable SHA-256", got)
+	}
+	if DigestArtifactSchema(first) == DigestArtifactSchema(second) {
+		t.Fatal("schema digests match for different exact bytes")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCloneHelpersOwnSlicesAndMaps(t *testing.T) {
+	schema := ArtifactSchema{ID: "notes.v1", Name: "notes", Version: "v1", JSONSchema: []byte(`{"type":"object"}`)}
+	artifact := SerializedArtifact{
+		Kind:      "test/notes",
+		Schema:    schema,
+		MediaType: "application/json",
+		Content:   []byte(`{"items":["one"]}`),
+		Metadata:  map[string]any{"origin": "test"},
+	}
+
+	clonedSchema := CloneArtifactSchema(schema)
+	cloned := CloneSerializedArtifact(artifact)
+	schema.JSONSchema[0] = '['
+	artifact.Content[0] = '['
+	artifact.Metadata["origin"] = "changed"
+
+	if string(clonedSchema.JSONSchema) != `{"type":"object"}` {
+		t.Fatalf("cloned schema = %q, want original bytes", clonedSchema.JSONSchema)
+	}
+	if string(cloned.Schema.JSONSchema) != `{"type":"object"}` {
+		t.Fatalf("serialized artifact schema = %q, want original bytes", cloned.Schema.JSONSchema)
+	}
+	if string(cloned.Content) != `{"items":["one"]}` {
+		t.Fatalf("cloned content = %q, want original bytes", cloned.Content)
+	}
+	if cloned.Metadata["origin"] != "test" {
+		t.Fatalf("cloned metadata = %#v, want independent map", cloned.Metadata)
+	}
+}

internal/framework/pipeline/artifact_codec_registry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+package pipeline
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v6"
+
+	"gitea.maximumdirect.net/eric/notarius/internal/framework/contracts"
+)
+
+type ArtifactCodecSpec struct {
+	Kind         contracts.ArtifactKind
+	Schema       contracts.ArtifactSchema
+	SchemaDigest string
+	MediaType    string
+}
+
+// ArtifactCodecTypeError reports a value that does not have the exact Go type
+// registered for an artifact kind.
+type ArtifactCodecTypeError struct {
+	Operation    string
+	Kind         contracts.ArtifactKind
+	ExpectedType string
+	ActualType   string
+}
+
+func (e *ArtifactCodecTypeError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s artifact %q: expected exact Go type %s, got %s", e.Operation, e.Kind, e.ExpectedType, e.ActualType)
+}
+
+// ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError reports serialized metadata that does not
+// identify the registered representation for an artifact kind.
+type ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError struct {
+	Kind   contracts.ArtifactKind
+	Reason string
+}
+
+func (e *ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("decode artifact %q: %s", e.Kind, e.Reason)
+}
+
+// ArtifactCodecOperationError preserves an encode or decode failure from the
+// registered domain codec.
+type ArtifactCodecOperationError struct {
+	Operation string
+	Kind      contracts.ArtifactKind
+	Err       error
+}
+
+func (e *ArtifactCodecOperationError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s artifact %q: %v", e.Operation, e.Kind, e.Err)
+}
+
+func (e *ArtifactCodecOperationError) Unwrap() error { return e.Err }
+
+type ArtifactCodecRegistry struct {
+	entries map[contracts.ArtifactKind]artifactCodecEntry
+}
+
+type artifactCodecEntry struct {
+	spec      ArtifactCodecSpec
+	valueType reflect.Type
+	encode    func(any) ([]byte, error)
+	decode    func([]byte) (any, error)
+}
+
+func NewArtifactCodecRegistry() *ArtifactCodecRegistry {
+	return &ArtifactCodecRegistry{entries: make(map[contracts.ArtifactKind]artifactCodecEntry)}
+}
+
+// RegisterArtifactCodec registers one codec for T. The concrete type is kept
+// private and checked at every erased encode boundary.
+func RegisterArtifactCodec[T any](registry *ArtifactCodecRegistry, codec contracts.ArtifactCodec[T]) error {
+	if registry == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("artifact codec registry must not be nil")
+	}
+	if nilInterface(codec) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("artifact codec must not be nil")
+	}
+
+	spec, err := artifactCodecSpec(codec.Kind(), codec.Schema(), codec.MediaType())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, ok := registry.entries[spec.Kind]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q is already registered", spec.Kind)
+	}
+
+	valueType := reflect.TypeFor[T]()
+	entry := artifactCodecEntry{
+		spec:      cloneArtifactCodecSpec(spec),
+		valueType: valueType,
+		encode: func(value any) ([]byte, error) {
+			actualType := reflect.TypeOf(value)
+			if actualType != valueType {
+				return nil, newArtifactCodecTypeError("encode", spec.Kind, valueType, actualType)
+			}
+			typed, ok := value.(T)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, newArtifactCodecTypeError("encode", spec.Kind, valueType, actualType)
+			}
+			encoded, err := codec.Encode(typed)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, &ArtifactCodecOperationError{Operation: "encode", Kind: spec.Kind, Err: err}
+			}
+			return append([]byte(nil), encoded...), nil
+		},
+		decode: func(content []byte) (any, error) {
+			decoded, err := codec.Decode(append([]byte(nil), content...))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, &ArtifactCodecOperationError{Operation: "decode", Kind: spec.Kind, Err: err}
+			}
+			return decoded, nil
+		},
+	}
+	if registry.entries == nil {
+		registry.entries = make(map[contracts.ArtifactKind]artifactCodecEntry)
+	}
+	registry.entries[spec.Kind] = entry
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *ArtifactCodecRegistry) Spec(kind contracts.ArtifactKind) (ArtifactCodecSpec, bool) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, false
+	}
+	entry, ok := r.entries[normalizeArtifactKind(kind)]
+	if !ok {
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, false
+	}
+	return cloneArtifactCodecSpec(entry.spec), true
+}
+
+func (r *ArtifactCodecRegistry) RegisteredKinds() []contracts.ArtifactKind {
+	if r == nil || len(r.entries) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	kinds := make([]contracts.ArtifactKind, 0, len(r.entries))
+	for kind := range r.entries {
+		kinds = append(kinds, kind)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(kinds, func(i, j int) bool { return kinds[i] < kinds[j] })
+	return kinds
+}
+
+// Encode serializes an erased framework value after proving its exact
+// registered Go type.
+func (r *ArtifactCodecRegistry) Encode(kind contracts.ArtifactKind, value any) (contracts.SerializedArtifact, error) {
+	entry, normalizedKind, err := r.entry(kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return contracts.SerializedArtifact{}, err
+	}
+	content, err := entry.encode(value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return contracts.SerializedArtifact{}, err
+	}
+	return contracts.SerializedArtifact{
+		Kind:      normalizedKind,
+		Schema:    contracts.CloneArtifactSchema(entry.spec.Schema),
+		MediaType: entry.spec.MediaType,
+		Content:   content,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Decode verifies serialized identity before invoking the registered codec.
+func (r *ArtifactCodecRegistry) Decode(artifact contracts.SerializedArtifact) (any, error) {
+	entry, normalizedKind, err := r.entry(artifact.Kind)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if artifact.Schema.ID != entry.spec.Schema.ID || artifact.Schema.Name != entry.spec.Schema.Name || artifact.Schema.Version != entry.spec.Schema.Version {
+		return nil, &ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError{Kind: normalizedKind, Reason: "schema identity does not match registered codec"}
+	}
+	if contracts.DigestArtifactSchema(artifact.Schema) != entry.spec.SchemaDigest {
+		return nil, &ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError{Kind: normalizedKind, Reason: "schema digest does not match registered codec"}
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(artifact.MediaType) != entry.spec.MediaType {
+		return nil, &ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError{Kind: normalizedKind, Reason: "media type does not match registered codec"}
+	}
+	return entry.decode(artifact.Content)
+}
+
+func (r *ArtifactCodecRegistry) entry(kind contracts.ArtifactKind) (artifactCodecEntry, contracts.ArtifactKind, error) {
+	if r == nil {
+		return artifactCodecEntry{}, "", fmt.Errorf("artifact codec registry must not be nil")
+	}
+	normalizedKind := normalizeArtifactKind(kind)
+	if normalizedKind == "" {
+		return artifactCodecEntry{}, "", fmt.Errorf("artifact kind must not be empty")
+	}
+	entry, ok := r.entries[normalizedKind]
+	if !ok {
+		return artifactCodecEntry{}, normalizedKind, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q is not registered", normalizedKind)
+	}
+	return entry, normalizedKind, nil
+}
+
+func artifactCodecSpec(kind contracts.ArtifactKind, schema contracts.ArtifactSchema, mediaType string) (ArtifactCodecSpec, error) {
+	kind = normalizeArtifactKind(kind)
+	schema.ID = strings.TrimSpace(schema.ID)
+	schema.Name = strings.TrimSpace(schema.Name)
+	schema.Version = strings.TrimSpace(schema.Version)
+	mediaType = strings.TrimSpace(mediaType)
+	switch {
+	case kind == "":
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec kind must not be empty")
+	case schema.ID == "":
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q schema id must not be empty", kind)
+	case schema.Name == "":
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q schema name must not be empty", kind)
+	case schema.Version == "":
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q schema version must not be empty", kind)
+	case mediaType == "":
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q media type must not be empty", kind)
+	case len(bytes.TrimSpace(schema.JSONSchema)) == 0:
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q JSON Schema must not be empty", kind)
+	case !json.Valid(schema.JSONSchema):
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q JSON Schema must be valid JSON", kind)
+	}
+	schemaDocument, err := jsonschema.UnmarshalJSON(bytes.NewReader(schema.JSONSchema))
+	if err != nil {
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q JSON Schema is invalid: %w", kind, err)
+	}
+	compiler := jsonschema.NewCompiler()
+	if err := compiler.AddResource("artifact-schema.json", schemaDocument); err != nil {
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q JSON Schema is invalid: %w", kind, err)
+	}
+	if _, err := compiler.Compile("artifact-schema.json"); err != nil {
+		return ArtifactCodecSpec{}, fmt.Errorf("artifact codec %q JSON Schema is invalid: %w", kind, err)
+	}
+	schema = contracts.CloneArtifactSchema(schema)
+	return ArtifactCodecSpec{
+		Kind:         kind,
+		Schema:       schema,
+		SchemaDigest: contracts.DigestArtifactSchema(schema),
+		MediaType:    mediaType,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func normalizeArtifactKind(kind contracts.ArtifactKind) contracts.ArtifactKind {
+	return contracts.ArtifactKind(strings.TrimSpace(string(kind)))
+}
+
+func cloneArtifactCodecSpec(spec ArtifactCodecSpec) ArtifactCodecSpec {
+	spec.Schema = contracts.CloneArtifactSchema(spec.Schema)
+	return spec
+}
+
+func nilInterface(value any) bool {
+	if value == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	reflected := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+	switch reflected.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Interface, reflect.Map, reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
+		return reflected.IsNil()
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func newArtifactCodecTypeError(operation string, kind contracts.ArtifactKind, expected reflect.Type, actual reflect.Type) error {
+	expectedName := "<nil>"
+	if expected != nil {
+		expectedName = expected.String()
+	}
+	actualName := "<nil>"
+	if actual != nil {
+		actualName = actual.String()
+	}
+	return &ArtifactCodecTypeError{
+		Operation:    operation,
+		Kind:         kind,
+		ExpectedType: expectedName,
+		ActualType:   actualName,
+	}
+}

internal/framework/pipeline/artifact_codec_registry_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+package pipeline
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.maximumdirect.net/eric/notarius/internal/framework/contracts"
+)
+
+type codecNotes struct {
+	Items []string `json:"items"`
+}
+
+type codecScore struct {
+	Value int `json:"value"`
+}
+
+type codecNotesAlias codecNotes
+
+type testArtifactCodec[T any] struct {
+	kind       contracts.ArtifactKind
+	schema     contracts.ArtifactSchema
+	mediaType  string
+	encodeFunc func(T) ([]byte, error)
+	decodeFunc func([]byte) (T, error)
+}
+
+func (c testArtifactCodec[T]) Kind() contracts.ArtifactKind     { return c.kind }
+func (c testArtifactCodec[T]) Schema() contracts.ArtifactSchema { return c.schema }
+func (c testArtifactCodec[T]) MediaType() string                { return c.mediaType }
+func (c testArtifactCodec[T]) Encode(value T) ([]byte, error)   { return c.encodeFunc(value) }
+func (c testArtifactCodec[T]) Decode(content []byte) (T, error) { return c.decodeFunc(content) }
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryStoresHeterogeneousExactTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, notesCodec()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec(notes) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, scoreCodec()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec(score) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+
+	if got, want := registry.RegisteredKinds(), []contracts.ArtifactKind{"test/notes", "test/score"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisteredKinds() = %#v, want %#v", got, want)
+	}
+	notes := codecNotes{Items: []string{"second", "first"}}
+	first, err := registry.Encode("test/notes", notes)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode(notes) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	second, err := registry.Encode(" test/notes ", notes)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode(notes again) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(first.Content, second.Content) {
+		t.Fatalf("equal values encoded as %q and %q, want deterministic bytes", first.Content, second.Content)
+	}
+	decodedNotes, err := registry.Decode(first)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode(notes) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(decodedNotes, notes) {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode(notes) = %#v, want %#v", decodedNotes, notes)
+	}
+
+	score := codecScore{Value: 17}
+	serializedScore, err := registry.Encode("test/score", score)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode(score) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	decodedScore, err := registry.Decode(serializedScore)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode(score) error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	if decodedScore != score {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode(score) = %#v, want %#v", decodedScore, score)
+	}
+
+	_, err = registry.Encode("test/notes", codecNotesAlias(notes))
+	var typeErr *ArtifactCodecTypeError
+	if !errors.As(err, &typeErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode(alias) error = %T %v, want ArtifactCodecTypeError", err, err)
+	}
+	if typeErr.ExpectedType == typeErr.ActualType {
+		t.Fatalf("type error = %#v, want distinct exact types", typeErr)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryStoresValidatedSchemaMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	codec := notesCodec()
+	codec.kind = " test/notes "
+	codec.schema.ID = " notes.v1 "
+	codec.schema.Name = " notes "
+	codec.schema.Version = " v1 "
+	codec.mediaType = " application/json "
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, codec); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	codec.schema.JSONSchema[0] = '['
+
+	spec, ok := registry.Spec("test/notes")
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("Spec() ok = false, want true")
+	}
+	if spec.Kind != "test/notes" || spec.Schema.ID != "notes.v1" || spec.Schema.Name != "notes" || spec.Schema.Version != "v1" || spec.MediaType != "application/json" {
+		t.Fatalf("Spec() = %#v, want normalized metadata", spec)
+	}
+	if spec.SchemaDigest != contracts.DigestArtifactSchema(spec.Schema) {
+		t.Fatalf("schema digest = %q, want %q", spec.SchemaDigest, contracts.DigestArtifactSchema(spec.Schema))
+	}
+
+	spec.Schema.JSONSchema[0] = '['
+	again, _ := registry.Spec("test/notes")
+	if string(again.Schema.JSONSchema) != `{"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"items":{"items":{"type":"string"},"type":"array"}},"required":["items"],"type":"object"}` {
+		t.Fatalf("stored JSON Schema changed through Spec result: %q", again.Schema.JSONSchema)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryRejectsInvalidRegistration(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		mutate func(*testArtifactCodec[codecNotes])
+		want   string
+	}{
+		{name: "kind", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.kind = " " }, want: "kind"},
+		{name: "schema id", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.ID = "" }, want: "schema id"},
+		{name: "schema name", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.Name = "" }, want: "schema name"},
+		{name: "schema version", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.Version = "" }, want: "schema version"},
+		{name: "media type", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.mediaType = "" }, want: "media type"},
+		{name: "empty JSON Schema", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.JSONSchema = nil }, want: "JSON Schema"},
+		{name: "invalid JSON Schema", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.JSONSchema = []byte(`{"type":`) }, want: "valid JSON"},
+		{name: "non-schema JSON", mutate: func(codec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]) { codec.schema.JSONSchema = []byte(`[]`) }, want: "JSON Schema is invalid"},
+	}
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+			codec := notesCodec()
+			test.mutate(&codec)
+			if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, codec); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), test.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want %q", err, test.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryRejectsDuplicateKind(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, notesCodec()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	duplicate := notesCodec()
+	duplicate.kind = " test/notes "
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, duplicate); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "already registered") {
+		t.Fatalf("duplicate registration error = %v, want duplicate kind error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryRejectsNilRegistryAndCodec(t *testing.T) {
+	codec := notesCodec()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec[codecNotes](nil, codec); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "registry") {
+		t.Fatalf("nil registry error = %v, want registry error", err)
+	}
+	var nilCodec *testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(NewArtifactCodecRegistry(), nilCodec); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "must not be nil") {
+		t.Fatalf("nil codec error = %v, want codec error", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryStrictDecodeAndTypedFailures(t *testing.T) {
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, notesCodec()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	valid, err := registry.Encode("test/notes", codecNotes{Items: []string{"one"}})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, content := range [][]byte{
+		[]byte(`{"items":["one"],"unknown":true}`),
+		[]byte(`{"items":["one"]} {}`),
+	} {
+		candidate := contracts.CloneSerializedArtifact(valid)
+		candidate.Content = content
+		_, err := registry.Decode(candidate)
+		var operationErr *ArtifactCodecOperationError
+		if !errors.As(err, &operationErr) || operationErr.Operation != "decode" {
+			t.Fatalf("Decode(%q) error = %T %v, want typed decode error", content, err, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	wrongSchema := contracts.CloneSerializedArtifact(valid)
+	wrongSchema.Schema.Version = "v2"
+	_, err = registry.Decode(wrongSchema)
+	var compatibilityErr *ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError
+	if !errors.As(err, &compatibilityErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode(wrong schema) error = %T %v, want ArtifactCodecCompatibilityError", err, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryWrapsEncodeFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	codec := notesCodec()
+	cause := errors.New("cannot encode notes")
+	codec.encodeFunc = func(codecNotes) ([]byte, error) { return nil, cause }
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, codec); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err := registry.Encode("test/notes", codecNotes{})
+	var operationErr *ArtifactCodecOperationError
+	if !errors.As(err, &operationErr) || operationErr.Operation != "encode" || !errors.Is(err, cause) {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode() error = %T %v, want typed wrapping encode error", err, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArtifactCodecRegistryClonesCodecBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	shared := []byte(`{"items":["one"]}`)
+	codec := notesCodec()
+	codec.encodeFunc = func(codecNotes) ([]byte, error) { return shared, nil }
+	codec.decodeFunc = func(content []byte) (codecNotes, error) {
+		content[0] = '['
+		return codecNotes{Items: []string{"one"}}, nil
+	}
+	registry := NewArtifactCodecRegistry()
+	if err := RegisterArtifactCodec(registry, codec); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("RegisterArtifactCodec() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+
+	artifact, err := registry.Encode("test/notes", codecNotes{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Encode() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	shared[0] = '['
+	if string(artifact.Content) != `{"items":["one"]}` {
+		t.Fatalf("encoded content = %q after codec buffer mutation, want owned bytes", artifact.Content)
+	}
+	before := append([]byte(nil), artifact.Content...)
+	if _, err := registry.Decode(artifact); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Decode() error = %v, want nil", err)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(artifact.Content, before) {
+		t.Fatalf("serialized content changed during decode: %q", artifact.Content)
+	}
+}
+
+func notesCodec() testArtifactCodec[codecNotes] {
+	return testArtifactCodec[codecNotes]{
+		kind: "test/notes",
+		schema: contracts.ArtifactSchema{
+			ID:         "notes.v1",
+			Name:       "notes",
+			Version:    "v1",
+			JSONSchema: []byte(`{"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"items":{"items":{"type":"string"},"type":"array"}},"required":["items"],"type":"object"}`),
+		},
+		mediaType: "application/json",
+		encodeFunc: func(value codecNotes) ([]byte, error) {
+			return json.Marshal(value)
+		},
+		decodeFunc: func(content []byte) (codecNotes, error) {
+			var value codecNotes
+			return value, decodeStrictJSON(content, &value)
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func scoreCodec() testArtifactCodec[codecScore] {
+	return testArtifactCodec[codecScore]{
+		kind: "test/score",
+		schema: contracts.ArtifactSchema{
+			ID:         "score.v1",
+			Name:       "score",
+			Version:    "v1",
+			JSONSchema: []byte(`{"additionalProperties":false,"properties":{"value":{"type":"integer"}},"required":["value"],"type":"object"}`),
+		},
+		mediaType: "application/json",
+		encodeFunc: func(value codecScore) ([]byte, error) {
+			return json.Marshal(value)
+		},
+		decodeFunc: func(content []byte) (codecScore, error) {
+			var value codecScore
+			return value, decodeStrictJSON(content, &value)
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeStrictJSON(content []byte, out any) error {
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(content))
+	decoder.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	if err := decoder.Decode(out); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := decoder.Decode(&struct{}{}); err != io.EOF {
+		if err == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected trailing JSON value")
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("decode trailing JSON: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/framework/pipeline/default_modules_test.go

@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ func defaultModuleCatalog(t *testing.T) pipeline.ModuleCatalog {
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          inputs,
 		Chunkers:        chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      extractors,
 		Mergers:         mergers,
 		Normalizers:     normalizers,

internal/framework/pipeline/profile.go

@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@ type ResolvedPipeline struct {
 type ModuleCatalog struct {
 	Inputs          *InputAdapterRegistry
 	Chunkers        *ChunkerRegistry
+	ArtifactCodecs  *ArtifactCodecRegistry
 	Extractors      *ExtractorRegistry
 	Mergers         *MergerRegistry
 	Normalizers     *NormalizerRegistry

internal/framework/pipeline/profile_test.go

@@ -1214,6 +1214,7 @@ func emptyProfileCatalog() ModuleCatalog {
 	return ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     NewNormalizerRegistry(),

internal/framework/pipeline/registry_integration_test.go

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ func integrationRegistries(t *testing.T, built, executed *[]string) Registries {
 	registries := Registries{
 		Inputs:         NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:       NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs: NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:     NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:        NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:    NewNormalizerRegistry(),

internal/framework/pipeline/runner.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 type Registries struct {
 	Inputs          *InputAdapterRegistry
 	Chunkers        *ChunkerRegistry
+	ArtifactCodecs  *ArtifactCodecRegistry
 	Extractors      *ExtractorRegistry
 	Mergers         *MergerRegistry
 	Normalizers     *NormalizerRegistry

internal/framework/pipeline/runner_test.go

@@ -1989,6 +1989,7 @@ func newRunnerRegistries(t *testing.T, modules *runnerModules) Registries {
 	registries := Registries{
 		Inputs:          NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     NewNormalizerRegistry(),

internal/framework/pipeline/walking_skeleton_test.go

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ func walkingSkeletonCatalog(t *testing.T) ModuleCatalog {
 	catalog := ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     NewNormalizerRegistry(),
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@ func walkingSkeletonRegistries(t *testing.T) Registries {
 	return Registries{
 		Inputs:         catalog.Inputs,
 		Chunkers:       catalog.Chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs: catalog.ArtifactCodecs,
 		Extractors:     catalog.Extractors,
 		Mergers:        catalog.Mergers,
 		Normalizers:    catalog.Normalizers,

internal/modules/dnd/register/register_test.go

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ func completeRegistries() pipeline.Registries {
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:          pipeline.NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        pipeline.NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      pipeline.NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         pipeline.NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     pipeline.NewNormalizerRegistry(),

internal/modules/generic/register/register_test.go

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ func completeRegistries() pipeline.Registries {
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:          pipeline.NewInputAdapterRegistry(),
 		Chunkers:        pipeline.NewChunkerRegistry(),
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      pipeline.NewExtractorRegistry(),
 		Mergers:         pipeline.NewMergerRegistry(),
 		Normalizers:     pipeline.NewNormalizerRegistry(),

internal/modules/integration/dnd_spells_config_test.go

@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ func dndSpellsTestCatalog(t *testing.T, specs dndSpellsCatalogSpecs) pipeline.Mo
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          inputs,
 		Chunkers:        chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      extractors,
 		Mergers:         mergers,
 		Normalizers:     normalizers,

internal/modules/integration/dnd_spells_runner_test.go

@@ -324,6 +324,7 @@ func dndSpellsRunnerRegistries(t *testing.T) pipeline.Registries {
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:         catalog.Inputs,
 		Chunkers:       catalog.Chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs: catalog.ArtifactCodecs,
 		Extractors:     catalog.Extractors,
 		Mergers:        catalog.Mergers,
 		Normalizers:    catalog.Normalizers,

internal/modules/seriatim/input/transcript/config_test.go

@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ func seriatimTestCatalog(t *testing.T, inputSpec pipeline.ModuleSpec) pipeline.M
 	return pipeline.ModuleCatalog{
 		Inputs:          inputs,
 		Chunkers:        chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs:  pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:      extractors,
 		Mergers:         mergers,
 		Normalizers:     normalizers,

internal/modules/seriatim/input/transcript/runner_test.go

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ func seriatimRunnerRegistries(t *testing.T, extractor contracts.Extractor) pipel
 	return pipeline.Registries{
 		Inputs:         inputs,
 		Chunkers:       chunkers,
+		ArtifactCodecs: pipeline.NewArtifactCodecRegistry(),
 		Extractors:     extractors,
 		Mergers:        mergers,
 		Normalizers:    normalizers,