package fileops

import (
	"crypto/rand"
	"encoding/hex"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"sort"
	"strings"
)

// ErrAtomicDirectoryPromotionUnsupported indicates that the current operating
// system lacks the atomic no-replace primitive required by PromoteDirectory.
var ErrAtomicDirectoryPromotionUnsupported = errors.New("atomic no-replace directory promotion is unsupported")

// PromoteDirectory copies an existing regular-file tree into a new directory
// and installs the complete copy atomically. It never removes the source or
// replaces an existing destination.
func PromoteDirectory(src, dst string) error {
	if err := checkAtomicDirectoryPromotionSupport(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	parent, destinationName, err := openConfinedParent(dst, false, 0)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open destination parent: %w", err)
	}
	defer func() { _ = parent.Close() }()
	return promoteDirectoryConfined(src, dst, parent, destinationName, sourceTraversalHooks{})
}

func promoteDirectoryConfined(src, dst string, parent *os.Root, destinationName string, hooks sourceTraversalHooks) (resultErr error) {
	if strings.TrimSpace(src) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(dst) == "" {
		return fmt.Errorf("source and destination directory paths are required")
	}
	sourceInfo, err := os.Lstat(src)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect source directory: %w", err)
	}
	if sourceInfo.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !sourceInfo.IsDir() {
		return fmt.Errorf("source path %q is not a directory", src)
	}
	if _, err := parent.Lstat(destinationName); err == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("destination path %q already exists", dst)
	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect destination path: %w", err)
	}
	insideSource, err := pathWithin(src, dst)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if insideSource {
		return fmt.Errorf("destination path %q must not be inside source directory %q", dst, src)
	}

	temporary, temporaryName, err := createSiblingTempDirectory(parent, destinationName)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	removeTemporary := true
	defer func() {
		var closeErr error
		if temporary != nil {
			closeErr = temporary.Close()
		}
		if removeTemporary {
			removeErr := removeConfinedEntry(parent, temporaryName)
			if removeErr != nil {
				resultErr = errors.Join(resultErr, fmt.Errorf("remove temporary destination directory: %w", removeErr))
			}
		}
		if closeErr != nil {
			resultErr = errors.Join(resultErr, fmt.Errorf("close temporary destination directory: %w", closeErr))
		}
	}()

	sourceRoot, err := openVerifiedSourceRoot(src, sourceInfo, hooks)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer func() { _ = sourceRoot.Close() }()
	if err := copyRegularTreeToRoot(sourceRoot, src, temporary, hooks); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := setOpenedDirectoryMode(temporary, WorkspaceDirectoryMode); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("set temporary root permissions: %w", err)
	}
	if err := syncOpenedDirectory(temporary); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync temporary root: %w", err)
	}
	if err := temporary.Close(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close temporary root: %w", err)
	}
	temporary = nil

	directory, err := parent.Open(".")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open destination parent for promotion: %w", err)
	}
	renameErr := renameDirectoryNoReplaceAt(directory, temporaryName, destinationName)
	closeErr := directory.Close()
	if renameErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("install promoted directory: %w", renameErr)
	}
	if closeErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close destination parent after promotion: %w", closeErr)
	}
	removeTemporary = false
	if err := syncOpenedDirectory(parent); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync destination parent: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

func createSiblingTempDirectory(parent *os.Root, base string) (*os.Root, string, error) {
	for attempt := 0; attempt < 100; attempt++ {
		var randomBytes [16]byte
		if _, err := rand.Read(randomBytes[:]); err != nil {
			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("generate temporary directory name: %w", err)
		}
		name := "." + base + ".tmp-" + hex.EncodeToString(randomBytes[:])
		if err := parent.Mkdir(name, WorkspaceDirectoryMode.Perm()); err != nil {
			if errors.Is(err, os.ErrExist) {
				continue
			}
			return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("create temporary destination directory: %w", err)
		}
		directory, err := openConfinedChild(parent, name, false, 0)
		if err != nil {
			_ = parent.Remove(name)
			return nil, "", err
		}
		return directory, name, nil
	}
	return nil, "", fmt.Errorf("create unique temporary destination directory")
}

func copyRegularTreeToRoot(src *os.Root, sourcePath string, dst *os.Root, hooks sourceTraversalHooks) error {
	directory, err := src.Open(".")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open source directory %q for traversal: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	entries, readErr := directory.ReadDir(-1)
	closeErr := directory.Close()
	if readErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("read source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, readErr)
	}
	if closeErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, closeErr)
	}
	sort.Slice(entries, func(i, j int) bool { return entries[i].Name() < entries[j].Name() })
	for _, entry := range entries {
		entryPath := filepath.Join(sourcePath, entry.Name())
		info, err := src.Lstat(entry.Name())
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("inspect source entry %q: %w", entryPath, err)
		}
		if hooks.afterEntryInspect != nil {
			hooks.afterEntryInspect(entryPath)
		}
		switch {
		case info.Mode().IsRegular():
			if err := copyRegularFileToRoot(src, dst, entry.Name(), entryPath, info); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		case info.IsDir():
			if err := copyRegularDirectoryToRoot(src, dst, entry.Name(), entryPath, info, hooks); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("source entry %q has unsupported file type %s", entryPath, info.Mode().Type())
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func copyRegularDirectoryToRoot(sourceParent, destinationParent *os.Root, name, sourcePath string, inspected os.FileInfo, hooks sourceTraversalHooks) error {
	source, err := openVerifiedChildDirectory(sourceParent, name, sourcePath, inspected)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer func() { _ = source.Close() }()
	if err := destinationParent.Mkdir(name, WorkspaceDirectoryMode.Perm()); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create destination directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	destination, err := openConfinedChild(destinationParent, name, false, 0)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = copyRegularTreeToRoot(source, sourcePath, destination, hooks)
	if err == nil {
		err = setOpenedDirectoryMode(destination, WorkspaceDirectoryMode)
	}
	if err == nil {
		err = syncOpenedDirectory(destination)
	}
	closeErr := destination.Close()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if closeErr != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close destination directory %q: %w", sourcePath, closeErr)
	}
	return nil
}

func copyRegularFileToRoot(sourceRoot, destinationRoot *os.Root, name, sourcePath string, inspected os.FileInfo) error {
	in, err := openVerifiedSourceFile(sourceRoot, name, sourcePath, inspected)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer func() { _ = in.Close() }()
	out, err := destinationRoot.OpenFile(name, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, WorkspaceFileMode)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create destination file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if _, err := io.Copy(out, in); err != nil {
		_ = out.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("copy source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if err := out.Chmod(WorkspaceFileMode); err != nil {
		_ = out.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("set destination file permissions %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if err := out.Sync(); err != nil {
		_ = out.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("sync destination file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if err := out.Close(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close destination file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	return nil
}

func openVerifiedChildDirectory(parent *os.Root, name, sourcePath string, inspected os.FileInfo) (*os.Root, error) {
	child, err := parent.OpenRoot(name)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	opened, err := child.Stat(".")
	if err != nil {
		_ = child.Close()
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect opened source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	current, err := parent.Lstat(name)
	if err != nil || current.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !current.IsDir() || !os.SameFile(opened, current) {
		_ = child.Close()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reinspect source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
		}
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("source directory %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}
	return child, nil
}

func openVerifiedSourceFile(root *os.Root, name, sourcePath string, inspected os.FileInfo) (*os.File, error) {
	in, err := root.Open(name)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	opened, err := in.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		_ = in.Close()
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect opened source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	current, err := root.Lstat(name)
	if err != nil || current.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !current.Mode().IsRegular() || !os.SameFile(opened, current) {
		_ = in.Close()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reinspect source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
		}
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("source file %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}
	return in, nil
}

func promoteDirectory(src, dst string, install func(string, string) error) error {
	return promoteDirectoryWithHooks(src, dst, install, sourceTraversalHooks{})
}

type sourceTraversalHooks struct {
	afterRootInspect  func()
	afterEntryInspect func(string)
}

func promoteDirectoryWithHooks(
	src, dst string,
	install func(string, string) error,
	hooks sourceTraversalHooks,
) error {
	if strings.TrimSpace(src) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(dst) == "" {
		return fmt.Errorf("source and destination directory paths are required")
	}

	sourceInfo, err := os.Lstat(src)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect source directory: %w", err)
	}
	if !sourceInfo.IsDir() {
		return fmt.Errorf("source path %q is not a directory", src)
	}

	if _, err := os.Lstat(dst); err == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("destination path %q already exists", dst)
	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect destination path: %w", err)
	}

	insideSource, err := pathWithin(src, dst)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if insideSource {
		return fmt.Errorf("destination path %q must not be inside source directory %q", dst, src)
	}

	destinationParent := filepath.Dir(dst)
	parentInfo, err := os.Lstat(destinationParent)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect destination parent: %w", err)
	}
	if !parentInfo.IsDir() {
		return fmt.Errorf("destination parent %q is not a directory", destinationParent)
	}

	temporary, err := os.MkdirTemp(destinationParent, "."+filepath.Base(dst)+".tmp-*")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create temporary destination directory: %w", err)
	}
	removeTemporary := true
	defer func() {
		if removeTemporary {
			_ = RemoveAllUnderRoot(destinationParent, temporary)
		}
	}()

	sourceRoot, err := openVerifiedSourceRoot(src, sourceInfo, hooks)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer func() { _ = sourceRoot.Close() }()

	if err := copyRegularTree(sourceRoot, src, temporary, hooks); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := os.Chmod(temporary, WorkspaceDirectoryMode); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("set temporary root permissions: %w", err)
	}
	if err := syncDirectory(temporary); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync temporary root: %w", err)
	}
	if err := install(temporary, dst); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("install promoted directory: %w", err)
	}

	removeTemporary = false
	if err := syncDirectory(destinationParent); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync destination parent: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

func openVerifiedSourceRoot(path string, inspected os.FileInfo, hooks sourceTraversalHooks) (*os.Root, error) {
	if hooks.afterRootInspect != nil {
		hooks.afterRootInspect()
	}

	root, err := os.OpenRoot(path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("open source directory %q: %w", path, err)
	}
	verified := false
	defer func() {
		if !verified {
			_ = root.Close()
		}
	}()

	opened, err := root.Stat(".")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect opened source directory %q: %w", path, err)
	}
	if !opened.IsDir() || !os.SameFile(inspected, opened) {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("source directory %q changed while being opened", path)
	}
	current, err := os.Lstat(path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("reinspect source directory %q: %w", path, err)
	}
	if current.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !current.IsDir() || !os.SameFile(opened, current) {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("source directory %q changed while being opened", path)
	}

	verified = true
	return root, nil
}

func copyRegularTree(src *os.Root, sourcePath, dst string, hooks sourceTraversalHooks) error {
	directory, err := src.Open(".")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open source directory %q for traversal: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	defer func() { _ = directory.Close() }()

	entries, err := directory.ReadDir(-1)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("read source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	sort.Slice(entries, func(i, j int) bool {
		return entries[i].Name() < entries[j].Name()
	})

	for _, entry := range entries {
		entryPath := filepath.Join(sourcePath, entry.Name())
		destinationPath := filepath.Join(dst, entry.Name())
		info, err := src.Lstat(entry.Name())
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("inspect source entry %q: %w", entryPath, err)
		}

		switch {
		case info.Mode().IsRegular():
			if hooks.afterEntryInspect != nil {
				hooks.afterEntryInspect(entryPath)
			}
			if err := copyRegularFile(src, entry.Name(), entryPath, destinationPath, info); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		case info.IsDir():
			if hooks.afterEntryInspect != nil {
				hooks.afterEntryInspect(entryPath)
			}
			if err := copyRegularDirectory(src, entry.Name(), entryPath, destinationPath, info, hooks); err != nil {
				return err
			}
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("source entry %q has unsupported file type %s", entryPath, info.Mode().Type())
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func copyRegularDirectory(
	parent *os.Root,
	name, sourcePath, dst string,
	inspected os.FileInfo,
	hooks sourceTraversalHooks,
) error {
	child, err := parent.OpenRoot(name)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	defer func() { _ = child.Close() }()

	opened, err := child.Stat(".")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect opened source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if !opened.IsDir() || !os.SameFile(inspected, opened) {
		return fmt.Errorf("source directory %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}
	current, err := parent.Lstat(name)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("reinspect source directory %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if current.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !current.IsDir() || !os.SameFile(opened, current) {
		return fmt.Errorf("source directory %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}

	if err := os.Mkdir(dst, WorkspaceDirectoryMode); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create destination directory %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	if err := copyRegularTree(child, sourcePath, dst, hooks); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := os.Chmod(dst, WorkspaceDirectoryMode); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("set destination directory permissions %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	if err := syncDirectory(dst); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync destination directory %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	return nil
}

func copyRegularFile(
	root *os.Root,
	name, sourcePath, dst string,
	inspected os.FileInfo,
) error {
	in, err := root.Open(name)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("open source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	defer func() { _ = in.Close() }()

	opened, err := in.Stat()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("inspect opened source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if !opened.Mode().IsRegular() || !os.SameFile(inspected, opened) {
		return fmt.Errorf("source file %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}
	current, err := root.Lstat(name)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("reinspect source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if current.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0 || !current.Mode().IsRegular() || !os.SameFile(opened, current) {
		return fmt.Errorf("source file %q changed while being copied", sourcePath)
	}

	out, err := os.OpenFile(dst, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, WorkspaceFileMode)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create destination file %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	closed := false
	defer func() {
		if !closed {
			_ = out.Close()
		}
	}()

	if _, err := io.Copy(out, in); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("copy source file %q: %w", sourcePath, err)
	}
	if err := out.Chmod(WorkspaceFileMode); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("set destination file permissions %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	if err := out.Sync(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sync destination file %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	if err := out.Close(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("close destination file %q: %w", dst, err)
	}
	closed = true
	return nil
}

func pathWithin(parent, candidate string) (bool, error) {
	absoluteParent, err := filepath.Abs(parent)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("resolve source directory: %w", err)
	}
	absoluteCandidate, err := filepath.Abs(candidate)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("resolve destination directory: %w", err)
	}
	relative, err := filepath.Rel(absoluteParent, absoluteCandidate)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("compare source and destination directories: %w", err)
	}
	return relative != "." && relative != ".." && !strings.HasPrefix(relative, ".."+string(filepath.Separator)), nil
}